How Relevant Are Parasitoids for Leafroller Control?
Monday Feb 15, 2021
Leafrollers have a number of parasitoids that naturally occur in orchards.
How to Effectively Manage Codling Moth
Wednesday Feb 10, 2021
Without any intervention, codling moth numbers increase about four-fold from generation to generation. Therefore, targeting the first generation is important to reset the population size to a minimum. Control measures for subsequent generations can be adjusted to the local pest pressure indicated by trap counts.
Woolly Apple Aphid
Wednesday Feb 10, 2021
Woolly apple aphid (WAA) has become more common over the past few years and is a quarantine threat for export to certain countries. WAA can be found feeding on the roots as well as occurring in the tree canopy where it can appear as a white cottony mass on pruning scars or shoots.
Bt Applications for Leafrollers
Thursday Feb 04, 2021
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a bacterium that must be eaten by lepidopteran larvae (caterpillars) to be effective. Bt is a great material for leafroller control because it is specific and has little effect on natural enemies. However, it must be applied 2-3 times to be effective when leafroller populations are high. Experience has also shown that in the spring, the high temperatures need to be above 65°F for 3 or more days so that larvae have a chance to feed on it before sunlight breaks it down. DAS provides forecast temperatures for all stations in the "Weather Forecast" and in the "Show Data Grid" table so that you can decide whether or not to use Bt or other recommended chemicals.
Factors Affecting Bee Pollination of Tree Fruits
Thursday Feb 04, 2021
Nearly 1,000 species of bees occur in the Pacific Northwest, but only a small number of species are useful in the pollination of orchard crops. Pesticide use and loss of appropriate nesting habitat have reduced the numbers of wild bee pollinators, leaving most of the pollination for commercial orchards dependent on honeybees. The success of honeybee pollination in tree fruits is affected by a number of factors, which in part can be manipulated by orchardists and beekeepers.